The United States and Europe back the U.N.-mandated
Mali operation as a counterstrike against the threat of radical Islamist
jihadists using the West African state's inhospitable Sahara desert as a
launching pad for international attacks.
In an overnight assault on Gao backed by French
warplanes and helicopters, French special forces seized the town's
airport and a key bridge over the River Niger, killing an estimated
dozen Islamist fighters without suffering any losses or injuries, the
French army said.
"The Malian army and the French control Gao today," Malian army spokesman Lieutenant Diaran Kone told Reuters.
The speed of the French action in a two-week-old
campaign suggested French and Malian government troops intended to drive
aggressively into the north of Mali in the next few days against other
Islamist rebel strongholds, such as Timbuktu and Kidal.
There have been 30 French air strikes on militant targets around Gao and Timbuktu in the past 36 hours.
News that the French and Malian troops were at Gao, the
largest northern town held by the Islamists, came as African states
struggled to deploy their intervention force in Mali, known as AFISMA,
under a U.N. mandate.
Regional army chiefs said on Saturday that a total of 7,700 African soldiers would be dispatched, up from 5,700.
Liberia, Guinea-Bissau, Burundi, Guinea and Uganda are
due to join the mission but it was not clear if progress had been made
at meetings in Abidjan or Addis Ababa to overcome gaps in transport,
equipment and financing.
French army spokesman Colonel Thierry Burkhard said
French forces had come under fire from rebel fighters inside Gao, but
that both the bridge and airport runway were undamaged.
In Paris, the French defense ministry said Malian and
French troop reinforcements were brought in and that soldiers from Chad
and Niger, who have experience in desert warfare, were also flown in.
These Malian and regional troops would have the task of securing Gao and its surrounding area, the ministry said.
To the west, French forces recaptured Lere, on the road
to Timbuktu, and were advancing, a Malian military source said, asking
not be named.
For two weeks, French jets and helicopter gunships have
been harrying the retreating Islamists, attacking their vehicles,
command posts and weapons depots. The French action had stymied a sudden
Islamist offensive launched in early January that had threatened
Bamako, Mali's capital in the south of the country.
Reacting to the French-led offensive, one of the
leaders of the alliance of Islamist groups occupying Mali's north
promised resistance to what he called the "new Crusader aggression", in
comments published by Al Jazeera's Arabic website.
Yahya Abu Al-Hamman, leader in the Sahel of al Qaeda's
North African wing AQIM, which along with Malian militant group Ansar
Dine and AQIM splinter MUJWA occupies Mali's north, said a "Jihadist
Islamist emirate" would be created in the territory.
Washington and European governments, while providing
airlift and intelligence support to the anti-militant offensive in Mali,
are not planning to send in any combat troops.
FRANCE TAKING THE LEAD
At an African Union summit in Addis Ababa, AU leaders
called on the United Nations to provide emergency logistics and funding
to allow the African force for Mali to deploy.
AU officials say AFISMA is severely hampered by
logistical shortages and needs airlift support, ammunition, telecoms
equipment, field hospitals, food and water.
There appeared to be some embarrassment among African
ministers and leaders that the continent was having to rely on a former
colonial power, France, much criticized for past meddling in Africa, to
take the lead in the military campaign in Mali.
Rwandan Foreign Minister Louise Mushikiwabo said France's intervention was "justified".
"If Africa can't do it, somebody else should do it," Mushikiwabo told reporters on the sidelines of the summit.
France, which dispatched its military to Mali at the
Bamako government's request, already has 2,500 soldiers on the ground in
its former colony.
Around 1,900 African troops, including Chadians, have
been deployed to Mali so far. Burkina Faso, Benin, Nigeria, Senegal,
Togo, Niger and Chad are providing troops while Burundi and other
African nations have pledged to contribute.
While the French and Malians thrust northeast in a
two-pronged offensive towards Gao and Timbuktu, Chadian and local forces
in neighboring Niger are preparing a flanking thrust coming up from the
south.
FRANCE: "LOT OF WORK" AHEAD
Malian army officers said the Islamist insurgents had pulled back to avoid deadly French air strikes.
"They are all hiding. They are leaving on foot and on
motorcycles," Malian Army Captain Faran Keita told Reuters at Konna,
about 500 km (310 miles) southeast of Gao.
Konna's capture by the Islamist insurgents on January
10 triggered the sudden French military intervention. Reporters there
saw charred rebel pickup trucks that had been blasted by French air
strikes. Munitions lay scattered about.
The question remained whether the Islamists would fight
to hold Gao and Timbuktu or withdraw further north into the trackless
desert wastes and mountain fastnesses of the Sahara.
"France can expel rebels from certain of the key towns
but it cannot occupy and control the entire north Mali. North Mali is
the size of France," Jakkie Cilliers, Executive Director of the
Pretoria-based Institute for Security Studies, told Reuters.
On a visit to Chile, French Prime Minister Jean-Marc
Ayrault admitted French forces in Mali still faced "a lot of work".
On Friday, the Islamists blew up a road bridge on the
main road south from Gao to Niger, but military officials from Niger
said the Chadian and Nigerien forces could still reach Gao by other
routes when they advanced.
The AU is expected to seek hundreds of millions of
dollars in logistical support and funding at a conference of donors for
the Mali operation to be held in Addis Ababa on January 29.
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