If
you're still reeling from the horsemeat scandal, hold on to your hats –
there may well be arsenic in your beer and rat hair in your chocolate
Since the horsemeat scandal, more of us than ever before are
holding a microscope up to what we eat. But no matter how many labels
you read, you could still be consuming things you'd rather put on your
"do not eat" list. From human hair in our bread to fish bladder in our
beer, there are a lot of additives and food processing techniques that
employ ingredients and chemicals few would classify as "appetizing".
It's a reminder, frankly, that non-processed foods are your best bet.
Arsenic
Traces of arsenic in food are nothing new. The potent human carcinogen arsenic has been known to turn up in everything
from rice to cereal
to juice, and most recently German researchers found traces
of it in beer,
noting some levels found were more than twice than what is allowed in
drinking water. Traces of arsenic can actually be found in both beers
and wine that are clearer in color. That's because they will have been
filtered to get rid of plant matter and leftover yeast; most people
don't want to drink a cloudy pinot grigio after all. To filter, beer and
winemakers use diatomaceous earth, a natural product that
contains iron and metals; hence the arsenic. Want less arsenic in your drink? Opt for drinks that are unfiltered.
Human hair
Amino
acids are your body's building blocks, and while they can be good for
your health, not all amino acids are created equal. L-Cysteine – an
amino acid used to prolong shelf-life in products such as commercial
bread – can be found in duck and chicken feathers and cow horns, but
most that's used in food
comes from human hair. It has been reported that most of the hair used to make L-Cysteine comes from China, where it's gathered from
barbershops and hair salons.
You can avoid L-Cysteine by buying fresh bread from a local baker, as
it is not an additive in flour. Steer clear of fast food places such as
McDonald's, Dunkin' Donuts and Burger King too,
who all use L-Cysteine as an additive.
Human hair … in bread?
Antifreeze
You're not drinking straight antifreeze when you down a soft drink, but if your drink of choice has
propylene glycol
in it you're consuming a compound that's used for everything from
antifreeze to cosmetics to pharmaceuticals to electronic cigarettes. Its
properties are many, so it's no surprise that chemical companies such
as DOW get excited about its potential
in the corporate food world.
It's also a minor ingredient in Corexit, the oil dispersant that was
used after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Fortunately, if you live in
the European Union, propylene glycol is not cleared as a general-purpose
food grade product or direct food additive.
Beaver anal glands
If
you're eating vanilla, strawberry or raspberry ice-cream, you may just
be eating beaver's anal and urine secretions. Castoreum, which comes
from the castor sacs of male and female beavers, is an FDA-approved
food additive popular in ice-creams, and allowed to be called "
natural flavoring", meaning you probably don't know that you are eating it.
Fancy an ice-cream?
Fish bladder
A round of beers may sound like the perfect way
to celebrate with vegetarian and vegan friends alike, but watch what
beer you're drinking. Isinglass is a gelatin-like substance produced
from the
swim bladder of a fish. It's added to cask beers and
Guinness,
to help remove any "haziness" from the final product - removing any
residue yeast or solid particles in the beer – which means you could end
up with a trace of
fish bladder in your pint glass.
Coal tar
Many
processed foods are known for including a long list of dyes, and many
of those dyes are derived from coal tar. Yellow #5, also known as
tartrazine, was linked to childhood hyperactivity in 2007 and since then
any product in the EU that contains it must also
come with a warning label.
In the US, however, there is no such regulation. Concern over the food coloring recently prompted bloggers to petition Kraft to remove the
dyes from their
popular macaroni cheese product.
What's in your nuggets?
Silicone breast implant filler
Chicken McNuggets from
McDonald's aren't known for being the healthiest thing on the planet,
but they're not really known for being "chicken" either. The nuggets are
actually
only about 50% actual chicken; the rest comprises synthetic ingredients, including dimethylpolysiloxane, a chemical used in silicone that can be found in
Silly Putty as well as
breast implant filler.
Boiled beetle shells
Natural
Red #4 may sound harmless, but the food coloring – also known as
carmine – is made by boiling female cochineal insect shells in ammonia
or a sodium carbonate solution. It takes about 70,000 of the bugs to
produce
one pound of dye. Coffee giant Starbucks got slammed in 2012 for
using the additive in their frappuccinos and eventually binned it, but it's a commonly employed ingredient in many foods. The
European Food Standards Authority
recently included it as an additive to research more. But while some
may feel queasy at the thought of consuming bugs, the synthetic
alternatives to this natural dye, such as Red #2 and Red #40, are
made from petroleum products. Pick your poison.
Rodent hair
Producing
food products in an industrial facility is nothing like cooking at
home, and certainly a big warehouse space is sure to be home to a few
rodents here and there. Maybe that's why the US FDA allows for certain
amounts of rodent hair
in various products, something they call an "
unavoidable defects": one rodent hair for every 100g chocolate, 22 rodent hairs for every 100g cinnamon and five rodent hairs for every
18oz jar of peanut butter. Yum.
Borax
Banned
in the US and Canada as
a food additive
but allowed in the EU, borax is also known for making its way into
fire-retardant, anti-fungal compounds and enamel. E285, as it's known in
the food world, is used to control acidity in products as well as
assist in preservation. You'll find it in
some caviars – including those imported to the US – as well as various Asian noodle and rice dishes as it adds a firm,
rubbery texture to foods.
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