Scientists Directly Link Fracking To Earthquakes and Health Hazards
The team of U.S. Geological Survey scientists found a wealth of
evidence "directly linking" an increase in Colorado and New Mexico
earthquakes since 2001 to wastewater injection widely…
In America, there are a few universal truths
regarding repugicans’ wingnut ideology that are beyond refute and
un-challengeable. For instance, repugicans believe it is a mortal sin
to utter a word against christianity, seditious to oppose America’s
right to wage perpetual wars, a crime against nature to tax the rich,
and treason to question oil industry practices because they can do no
wrong; ever. In fact, the oil industry is so revered among repugicans
that is has been deemed un-American to question giving big oil companies
billions of dollars in welfare regardless of their inordinately high
profits. It was little surprise then that questioning the safety and
health risks of a relatively new process for extracting petroleum from
the ground was regarded as an unfair, and in some cases an illegal,
practice.
Back in May, the oil industry cried foul because
geologists dared to claim forcing chemical-laden water under extremely
high pressure deep into rock formations could possibly cause an
earthquake. This was particularly true after The U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) and Oklahoma Geological Survey (OGS) issued an advisory
of an increased likelihood of “damaging earthquakes” as a result of an
alarming increase in the number of smaller moderate shocks in central
and north-central Oklahoma; a region that is regularly racked by
tornadoes, but not earthquakes.
The advisory was based on USGS and OGS reports there
were a record 183 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 and greater in Oklahoma
between October 2013 and April 2014. Using data revealing an
unprecedented increase in earthquakes above 3.0 on the Richter Scale
since October 2013, the USGS warned of a “damaging” quake of 5.0
magnitude or higher in central Oklahoma. The reason, of course, was the
petroleum industry’s practice of using extremely high-pressure to inject
chemical-laden water into tight rock formations deep underground to
fracture the rock and extract oil and gas.
Naturally, the USGS advisory elicited a complaint
from the petroleum industry that blaming the unheard of large number of
earthquakes on anything related to the oil industry was just unfair; and
wrong. In fact, the vice president of regulatory affairs for the
Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association said
“Granted, we’ve not seen this level of seismic activity in Oklahoma in
the last 60 to 80 years and before that we don’t have a record. It
causes us all concern, but the rush to correlate this activity with our
industry is something we don’t believe is fair.” Well, fair or not,
there is now a direct link between fracking and increased earthquake
activity according to a team of scientists at the same time Republicans
threatened to force construction of the leak-prone Keystone pipeline
directly over newly-created earthquake zones.
The team of U.S. Geological Survey scientists found a
wealth of evidence “directly linking” an increase in Colorado and New
Mexico earthquakes since 2001 to wastewater injection widely used in
hydraulic fracturing as well as conventional drilling. The study
shows “several lines of evidence that the earthquakes in the area are
directly related to the disposal of wastewater” deep underground,
according to a BSSA press release.
The research is yet another in a long “string of studies” showing that
wastewater migrates along dormant earthquake fault lines that changes
“their state of stress and causes them to fail resulting in
earthquakes.”
The USGS scientists monitored the 2,200 square mile
Raton Basin which goes from southern Colorado into New Mexico and noted
that the Basin had been “seismically silent” until 1999 when oil
companies began “major fluid injection” deep into the ground. The
earthquakes began within two years when Colorado wastewater injection
rates were still under 600,000 barrels per month; since then there have
been 16 earthquakes considered large (including two over a 5.0
magnitude) compared with only one 4.0 magnitude quake in the 30 years
prior. One might tend to believe the increase in quakes due to fracking
and wastewater injection would lead a reduction in the practice, but the
opposite is true.
Drilling for natural gas and fracking, like the
increase in the frequency and intensity of earthquakes in the proposed
Canadian-Koch pipeline route, has proliferated across the country. In
fact, despite the warning last May, Oklahoma fracking is on the rise
leading to as many as 5 to 20 earthquakes every day; inordinately more
than America’s former earthquake capital California. According to the
Oklahoma’s Geology Survey, and Cornell University, scientists linked
more than 2,500 Oklahoma earthquakes to fracking that scientists warn
will grow in number and strength directly correlating with the increase
in fracking. As terrifying as an increase in the frequency and intensity
of earthquakes may be, even in the path of the Keystone pipeline, it is
not the only threat fracking poses to Americans’ well-being.
Because repugicans dutifully protect the oil
industry, fracking is relatively free of regulatory oversight despite
the strong correlation between proximity to fracking wells and various
health risks posed by chemicals used in the process. For example, a
Colorado study
revealed that as the number and proximity of wells to a pregnant
woman’s home went up, so did the likelihood her newborn would develop a
heart problem. Another Pennsylvania study
found that “proximity to fracking increased the likelihood of low birth
weight by more than half.” Naturally, pro-fracking advocates assailed
the studies’ results and told mothers “to ignore the medical experts and
don’t rely on scientific studies as an explanation of why their
children have birth defects.”
In some states, citizens have placed bans or
moratoria on fracking on the ballots, but the various cities are facing
lawsuits by the oil industry claiming citizens have no right to keep
dangerous carcinogens out of their communities. In North Carolina,
Halliburton is suing the state because lawmakers reduced the penalty
from a felony to a misdemeanor against emergency first responders who
report to hospitals and the CDC the toxins victims breathe when there is
a fracking chemical spill or release into the water supply. The oil
industry demands extremely harsh penalties including fines and jail time
against hospitals, medical professionals, the CDC, police, or fire
fighters if they report, or attempt to learn, what chemical victims have
ingested or were released into the environment. They claim the
carcinogens and toxins used in fracking are industry secrets that
medical professionals and emergency personnel will have to determine for
themselves before treating exposure victims. And, if they do figure out
what chemicals to treat victims for, they will go to prison if they
alert public health officials.
It is really irrelevant what damage fracking wreaks
on the public whether it is earthquake swarms, poisoned water supplies,
increased incidents of cancer, or inordinate numbers of birth defects in
newborns in and around fracking zones; repugicans will not deny the
oil industry’s dog-given rights to operate unimpeded by regulations.
What is revealing about many Americans opposed to fracking-caused
earthquakes and very real health hazards is that at the same time they
are attempting to protect their communities and families, they are
voting for repugicans. The same repuicans that are Hell-bent and duty
bound to protect the oil industry at any cost; including the health and
safety of their incredibly stupid supporters.
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