Scientific Minds Want To Know
by Stephen Drew
Hamburger
and Salmon are highly correlated with cancer. The association lay
largely unsuspected until late 2005, when Ian Davis of the Ludwig
Institute for Cancer Research, in Melbourne Australia, identified ten
especially suggestive published reports. These are:
Hamburger, A.W. and Salmon, S.E.: “Primary Bioassay of Human Tumor Stem Cells,” Science, vol. 197, 1977, pp. 461-3.
Hamburger,
A.W., Salmon, S.E., and Alberts, D.S.: “Development of a Bioassay for
Ovarian Carcinoma Colony-forming Cells,” Progress in Clinical and
Biological Research, vol. 48, 1980, pp. 63-73.
Hamburger, A.W.,
Jones, S.E., and Salmon, S.E.: “Soft-agar Cloning of Cells from Patients
with Lymphoma,” Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, vol. 48,
1980, pp. 43-52.
Hamburger, A.W. and Salmon, S.E.: Development
of a bioassay for human myeloma colony-forming cells. Prog Clin Biol Res
48:23-41, 1980
Hamburger,
A.W., Kim, M.B., and Salmon, S.E.: “The Nature of Cells Generating
Human Myeloma Colonies in vitro,” Journal of Cellular Physiology, vol.
98, 1979, pp. 371-6.
Salmon, S.E., Durie, B.G., and Hamburger
A.W.: “A New Basis for Treatment of Multiple Myeloma,” Schweizerische
medizinische Wochenschrift, vol. 108, 1978, pp. 1568-72.
Hamburger,
A.W., Salmon, S.E., Kim, M.B., Trent, J.M., Soehnlen, B.J., Alberts,
D.S., and Schmidt, H.A. “Direct Cloning of Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
in Agar,” Cancer Research, vol. 38, 1978, pp.438-44.
Salmon,
S.E., and Hamburger, A.W.: “Immunoproliferation and Cancer: a Common
Macrophage-derived Promoter Substance,” Lancet, vol. 1, 1978, pp.
1289-90.
Salmon, S.E., Hamburger, A.W., Soehnlen B., Durie, B.G.,
Alberts, D.S., and Moon, T.E.: “Quantitation of Differential
Sensitivity of Human-tumor Stem Cells to Anticancer Drugs,” New England
Journal of Medicine, vol. 298, 1978, pp. 1321-7.
Hamburger, A., and Salmon, S.E.: “Primary Bioassay of Human Myeloma Stem Cells,”
Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 60, 1977, pp. 846-54.
Do Hamburger and Salmon Cause Cancer?
It
would be premature, and perhaps foolish, to conclude that Hamburger and
Salmon cause cancer. No investigator has publicly made such a
statement. Correlation, they point out, does not imply causation.
Yet -- in the absence of experimental evidence -- it may be impossible to rule out the possibility.
Sadly,
one of the key figures in the very specialized field of
Salmon-Hamburger cancer research is no longer available to work on the
question.
Dr. Sydney E. Salmon
passed away several years ago. He was Founding Director of the Arizona
Cancer Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson.
During his lifetime, Dr. Salmon published more than 200 cancer research
studies. One of his most frequent collaborators was
Anne W. Hamburger. Dr. Hamburger is Professor of Pathology at the University of Maryland’s Greenebaum Cancer Center, in Baltimore.
The Salmon Mystery
There is a statistical oddity to Dr. Salmon’s demise. His passing is strange, because:
1) Dr. Salmon died in 1999, according to a
November, 1999 press release issued by the University; and
2) Dr. Salmon died in 2002, according to a
June 30, 2005 press release issued by the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.