In a rather obscure fable thought to be written in early imperial Rome by one of the Emperor Augustus’ freed slaves,
Phaedrus.
In this tale, a barbarian is threatening the troops of the military
leader, Pompey the Great. All are afraid to challenge this fierce
opponent until a
“cinaedus” steps forward to volunteer for combat.
Although foreign to us moderns, the cinaedus was a familiar figure to
ancient Greeks and Romans, whose identity raised concerns about gender.
The cinaedus was frequently mentioned in classical sources due to his
brazen effeminacy, untoward sexual behavior (most often a “shocking”
desire to be
anally penetrated by other men), and the ambiguous status of his genitalia.