| 1588 | The Spanish Armada is sighted off the coast of England. | |
| 1602 | The Duke of Biron is executed in Paris for conspiring with Spain and Savoy against King Henry IV of France. | |
| 1603 | Bartholomew Gilbert is killed in Virginia by Indians, during a search for the missing Roanoke colonists. | |
| 1693 | The Army of the Grand Alliance is destroyed by the French at the Battle of Neerwinden. | |
| 1830 | Liberals led by the Marquis de Lafayette seize Paris in opposition to the king’s restrictions on citizens’ rights. | |
| 1848 | A rebellion against British rule is put down in Tipperary, Ireland. | |
| 1858 | Japan signs a treaty of commerce and friendship with the United States. | |
| 1862 | Confederates are routed by Union guerrillas at Moore’s Mill, Missouri. | |
| 1875 | Peasants in Bosnia and Herzegovina rebel against the Ottoman army. | |
| 1915 | U.S. Marines land at Port-au-Prince to protect American interests in Haiti. | |
| 1921 | Adolf Hitler becomes the president of the Nationalist Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazis). | |
| 1945 | After delivering parts of the first atomic bomb to the island of Tinian, the U.S.S. Indianapolis is sunk by a Japanese submarine. The survivors are adrift for two days before help arrives. | |
| 1981 | Prince Charles marries Lady Diana. | |
| 1990 | The Boston Red Sox hit 12 doubles in a game, setting a major league record. | |
| 1996 | A US federal court strikes down the child protection portion of the 1996 Communications Decency Act, calling it too broad. | |
| 2005 | Astronomers announce the discovery of dwarf planet Eris, leading the International Astronomic Union to clarify the definition of a planet. |
However, the path from "Eureka!" to iconic toy is a story full of ups and downs. Read that story at Thrillist.He graduated with degrees in mechanical and nuclear engineering from Tuskegee University, joined the Air Force as the acting chief of the Space Nuclear Power Safety Section at the Air Force Weapons Laboratory, then moved to NASA's Jet Propulsion lab in 1979 where he was working as a systems engineer for the Galileo mission to Jupiter. It was then, in 1982, already having several patents to his name, that he had his Eureka moment.
One of his pet projects was an environmentally friendly heat pump that used water instead of Freon. One day, tinkering as he often did, Johnson hooked up a nozzle to the bathroom faucet. When he turned on the water, it sprayed clear across the room. "The stream of water was so powerful that it set up air currents in the bathroom," he told CNBC. "I thought to myself, 'This would make a neat water gun.'" It doesn't take a rocket scientist to build a toy, but it certainly doesn't hurt, either.
Hospital viewing windows became a popular spot for not just relatives, but anyone who wanted to take a look. Today, the pendulum has moved the other way. Babies are normally kept in the mother's room, where family visits take place, and they are sent home the next day (or even the same day). But the public still wants to see new babies through a window. Read about the rise and fall of the nursery viewing window at Smithsonian.The stated purpose for the viewing window was twofold: first, the window allows relatives to “see the infants,” and second, the window serves as a barrier to prevent contact between relatives and the newborns they have come to see. But while hospitals justified the construction of these windows as sanitary barriers between newborns and the general hospital community, it’s unlikely that infection prevention was a primary motivator. If windows served mainly as antibacterial barriers, the hospitals would have had no reason to install them in the first place; standard windowless walls surrounding nurseries would have been less trouble to build, and would have eliminated the potential for compromising the barrier between the nursery and the corridor via cracks between the window and the wall. Thus, the ubiquitous nursery window served a primarily social function.
"Elephants also display many of the attributes of humans as well as some of the failings. They share with us a strong sense of family and death and they feel many of the same emotions. Each one is, of course, like us, a unique individual with its own unique personality.They can be happy or sad, volatile or placid. They display envy, jealousy, throw tantrums and are fiercely competitive, and they can develop hang-ups which are reflected in behaviour."
A life of hunting zebras and raising young on the savanna isn’t half bad for a female hyena. Sadly, the same can’t be said for their male counterparts. As MinuteEarth explains, things take a downturn for the males of the species once they hit adolescence. No female in their pack will mate with them, a behavior scientists believe evolved to avoid inbreeding, so they head off in search of a different group to join. After dealing with vicious hazing from their new clan, they file in at the bottom of the rank and wait for other males above them to die so that they can slowly gain status.Looks like life got the last laugh Mr. Hyena! Here's that video by MinuteEarth to explain more:
Even after rising through the hierarchy, the most a male hyena can aspire to is being second place to the lowest-ranking female. Thanks to their bulky build and aggressive behavior, female hyenas enjoy a dominant position that’s rare in the animal kingdom.
