The place where the world comes together in honesty and mirth. Windmills Tilted, Scared Cows Butchered, Lies Skewered on the Lance of Reality ... or something to that effect.
Editor's Note: Beginning Monday May 4th, We will be heading an Archaeological Dig and teaching a University extension class in Field Archaeology for the next ten weeks. This will not interfere with the postings to this blog, although it might influence the actual publishing time on any given day.
The Derby is all about the Big Hats ...!
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1670
The Hudson Bay Company is founded.
1598
Henry IV signs Treaty of Vervins, ending Spain's interference in France.
1668
Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of Devolution in France.
1776
France and Spain agree to donate arms to American rebels fighting the British.
1797
A mutiny in the British navy spreads from Spithead to the rest of the fleet.
1798
The black General Toussaint L'ouverture forces British troops to agree to evacuate the port of Santo Domingo.
1808
The citizens of Madrid rise up against Napoleon.
1813
Napoleon defeats a Russian and Prussian army at Grossgorschen.
1863
Stonewall Jackson smashes Hooker's flank at Chancellorsville, Virginia. 1865
President Andrew Johnson offers a $100,000 reward for the capture of Confederate President
1885
King Leopold II of Belgium establishes the Congo Free State.
1890
The Territory of Oklahoma is created.
1919
The first U.S. air passenger service starts.
1923
Lieutenants Okaley Kelly and John Macready take off from New York for
the West Coast on what will become the first successful nonstop
transcontinental flight.
1941
Hostilities break out between British forces in Iraq and that country's pro-German faction.
1942
Admiral Chester J. Nimitz, convinced that the Japanese will attack Midway Island, visits the island to review its readiness.
1945
Russian forces take Berlin after 12 days of fierce house-to-house fighting.
1946
Prisoners revolt at California's Alcatraz prison.
1968
The U.S. Army attacks Nhi Ha in South Vietnam and begins a fourteen-day battle to wrestle it away from Vietnamese Communists.
1970
Student anti-war protesters at Ohio's Kent State University burn down
the campus ROTC building. The National Guard takes control of campus.
In the early 1950s, archaeologists unearthed several clay tablets from the 14th century B.C.E.. Found, WFMU tells us,
“in the ancient Syrian city of Ugarit,” these tablets “contained
cuneiform signs in the hurrian language,” which turned out to be the
oldest known piece of music ever discovered, a 3,400 year-old cult hymn.
Anne Draffkorn Kilmer, professor of Assyriology at the University of
California, produced the interpretation above in 1972. (She describes
how she arrived at the musical notation—in some technical detail—in this interview.) Since her initial publications in
the 60s on the ancient Sumerian tablets and the musical theory
found within, other scholars of the ancient world have published their own versions.
The piece, writes Richard Fink in a 1988 Archeologia Musicalis article, confirms a theory
that “the 7-note diatonic scale as well as harmony existed 3,400 years
ago.” This, Fink tells us, “flies in the face of most musicologist’s
views that ancient harmony was virtually non-existent (or even
impossible) and the scale only about as old as the Ancient Greeks.”
Kilmer’s colleague Richard Crocker claims that the discovery
“revolutionized the whole concept of the origin of western music.” So,
academic debates aside, what does the oldest song in the world sound
like? Listen to a midi version below and hear it for yourself.
Doubtless, the midi keyboard was not the Sumerians instrument of choice,
but it suffices to give us a sense of this strange composition, though
the rhythm of the piece is only a guess.
Kilmer and Crocker published an audio book on vinyl (now on CD) called Sounds From Silence
in which they narrate information about ancient Near Eastern music,
and, in an accompanying booklet, present photographs and translations of
the tablets from which the song above comes. They also give listeners
an interpretation the song, titled “A Hurrian Cult Song from Ancient
Ugarit,” performed on a lyre, an instrument likely much closer to what
the song’s first audiences heard. Unfortunately, for that version,
you’ll have to make a purchase, but you can hear a different lyre interpretation of the song by Michael Levy below, as transcribed by its original discoverer Dr. Richard Dumbrill.
A few years ago, a series of studies came out in an attempt to sort of ‘debunk’ people who practice spirituality. The study found
that people who have a spiritual understanding of life tend to be more
susceptible to mental health problems, addictions, and anxiety
disorders.
A passive aggressive news report from the Daily Mail titled
“Spiritual people are more likely to be mentally ill (but at least they
think life has more meaning)” took a jab at spiritual people as if to
say “They’re crazy, but at least they think life is more important to
them”.
A report by The Telegraph
also covered the same story, claiming that spiritual people struggle to
cope with things mentally. Now, could it be possible that the reason
spiritually-minded people have more mental health issues and anxiety
problems is not because they are looney, but because they are more
connected to what is happening in the world?
What if they are more aware of the things that are wrong with society
and are more connected to the suffering in the world? What if an
anxious mind is a searching and connected mind? A very important study came out a few years ago
linking social anxiety to increased empathetic abilities. People who
report suffering from social anxiety have an increased ability to feel
and interpret the emotions and mental states of people around them. As
the study concluded:
Results support the hypothesis that high socially anxious
individuals may demonstrate a unique social-cognitive abilities profile
with elevated cognitive empathy tendencies and high accuracy in
affective mental state attributions.
In other words, people who have social anxiety are able to more
tangibly feel the emotions of people around them. Many many people who
consider themselves to be “conscious” or “spiritual” also report feeling
social anxiety and experience things like depression and other mental
disorders. But as it turns out, people who suffer from anxiety may
also be more intelligent.
Studies link anxiety to intelligence
A recent research study out of Lakehead University found
that people who reported to suffer from social anxiety also happened to
test higher on psychological tests which were designed to measure
verbal intelligence. People who reported having General Anxiety
Disorder and depression actually scored higher on verbal-linguistic
testing than people who did no suffer from anxiety.
Another study which was published in the European Journal of Psychologyfound
that high-anxiety participants were quicker to detect threats of danger
and responded more quickly to those threats than other participants.
As the study concluded:
Social defense theory (Ein-Dor et al., 2010) proposes
that in threatening situations, people who score high on attachment
anxiety quickly detect the presence of threat and then alert other group
members to the danger and the need for protection. Supporting this line
of reasoning, we found that participants high in attachment anxiety
were less willing to be delayed on their way to deliver a warning
message.
One explanation of this is that anxious individuals also tend to be
more altruistic. In nature, animals that are able to detect and respond
to threats the quickest are more likely to survive. In fact, some
species of the animal kingdom rely on having an individual in their herd
that is anxiety prone and can detect threats before the others can. Is
it possible that anxiety is actually an evolutionary advantage? Could
anxiety act as a biological superpower that helps us solve problems,
avoid threats, and detect danger?
A study from SUNY Downstate Medical Center in New York demostrated that
participants who suffered from severe cases of anxiety tested higher on
intelligence tests (IQ tests) that those who didn’t have as much
anxiety. In other words, there was a direct correlation between degree
of anxiety and degree of intelligence. This should come as no surprise,
since anxious people are constantly analyzing, assessing, formulation
ideas, reflecting, and processing information.
As Dr. Jeremy Coplan said about his study, “While excessive worry is
generally seen as a negative trait and high intelligence as a positive
one, worry may cause our species to avoid dangerous situations,
regardless of how remote a possibility they may be.” So once again, we
have evidence that people with “mental health disorders” are actually
more intelligent on average.
And as mentioned previously, a recent study found
that people with social anxiety exhibit elevated mentalizing and
empathetic abilities. Essentially, they have a much higher
psycho-social awareness.
What this means
Yes,
people who are spiritually minded tend to suffer from anxiety and
depression more. But this is because their eyes are open to a world
that is in need of repair. They literally have an increased ability to
feel the emotions of people around them.
Not to mention, the same people that are assumed to be crazy for
having social anxiety and other mental disorders test higher on certain
intelligence tests, IQ tests, and have an evolutionary advantage in
being able to detect threats before other people.
Correct me if I’m wrong, but aren’t people who can accurately feel,
interpret, and mentalize the thoughts and emotions of others and detect
threats before other people called ‘intuitives’ and ‘psychics’? Could
it be possible that having social anxiety and general anxiety disorder
is NOT actually a disorder but is a product of having a stronger
intuition, more accurate interpretations on people’s states, a sensitive
energy field, and an increased ability to detect danger?
These scientific studies shine a whole new light on spirituality and
social anxiety. Don’t be afraid to feel what you feel, and don’t let
anyone call you crazy because of it. Perhaps what we are calling a
disorder is actually a gift.
The
criminalization of America's poor has been quietly gaining steam for
years, but a recent study, "The Poor Get Prison," co-authored by Karen
Dolan and Jodi L. Carr, reveals the startling extent to which American
municipalities are fining and jailing the country's most vulnerable
people, not just punishing them for being poor, but driving them deeper
into poverty.
"In the last ten years," Barbara Ehrenreich writes in the introduction,
"it has become apparent that being poor is in itself a crime in many
cities and counties, and that it is a crime punished by further
impoverishment."
A few months ago, the Department of Justice's Ferguson report
revealed how that city has disproportionately targeted its majority
minority population with traffic and other minor infractions that
heavily support the municipality's coffers. But Ferguson is far from
alone. Municipalities like New York City have greatly increased the
number of minor offenses that are considered criminal (like putting your
feet up in the subway) or sitting on the sidewalk. Wealthy white people
in business attire are rarely targeted for such summonses, and if they
are, they can quickly pay the fine or hire counsel to get out of it. The
over-punishment of minor offenses is just another way the rich get
richer, and as the report says, the "poor get prison." They also get
poorer and more numerous. In one striking statistic, the Southern
Educational Foundation reports that 51 percent of America's public
schoolchildren are living in poverty.
Perversely, it is the poor
who, according to Dolan and Carr, are subsidizing municipalities'
budgets and becoming reliable sources of enrichment for the private
companies contracted by local governments to carry out what used to be
government duties.
Here are five troubling trends from the report that show us how the government is financially abusing poor people.
1.
Jailing probationers who can't pay fees and fines. More than four
million people are sentenced to probation in America, according to the
report. Because state funding for probation services is on the decline,
more private companies are talking over the responsibility of managing
them. Private probation companies don't charge local governments for
their services, so there is no fee to the taxpayer. Probationers,
however, are charged a supervision fee, and if they can't afford to pay,
they face jail time. Despite the fact that it is unconstitutional to
jail people because they can't pay fines, the reality is that many
probationers are poor and unaware of their rights and they end up in
modern-day debtors' prisons.
[...]
2. Taking poor people's property through asset forfeit seizures.
More than $3 billion in cash and property has been seized by local and
state police agencies through a Department of Justice asset seizure
program. Eighty percent of the assets collected through this program
stay with the law enforcement agencies that collect them, the Washington
Post reported. Under asset forfeit seizure programs, cops can take
someone's property simply under "reasonable suspicion" it was used to
commit a crime; the burden of proof is on the property owner that the
seizure was unjustified.
[...]
3. School-to-prison pipeline. Black students make up just 16
percent of the population but represent 32-42 percent of students who
are suspended or expelled, according to the "The Poor Get Prison"
report. Many school districts around the country use local police to
provide security, which further increases these students' chances of
arrest.
[...]
4. Hyper criminalization of petty infractions. The New York City
Council is considering proposals to make petty crimes like peeing in
public and drinking from an open container civil instead of criminal
offenses. This follows years of hyper-policing and criminalizing an
increasing list of tiny infractions.
[...]
5. Fining the homeless for being homeless. If you are homeless in
America and have nowhere to go and are down on your luck, it is
increasingly difficult to find a safe space in which to exist without
being fined for loitering. According to the report, an estimated 600,000
people are homeless on any given night. Though nearly 13 percent of the
nation's low-income housing has been lost since 2001, and many people
simply cannot afford housing, 34 percent of cities ban public camping,
18 percent prohibit sleeping in public and 43 percent prevent people
from sleeping in vehicles, according to a study the report cited.
[...]
A Missouri Satanist
plans to challenge her state’s 72-hour waiting period for abortions by
claiming the delay violates her religious beliefs.
The woman, identified only as Mary by her local Satanic Temple, said
she regards the waiting period as “a state sanctioned attempt to
discourage abortion” and plans to challenge the law on religious
grounds, reported the Friendly Atheist blog.
The waiting period places an “unnecessary burden” on her religious belief that her body is subject to her will alone, she said.
“The waiting period interferes with the inviolability of my body and
thereby imposes an unwanted and substantial burden on my sincerely held
religious beliefs,” she said.
Her statements echo language in the Religious Freedom Restoration
Act, under which Hobby Lobby claimed protection in its successful U.S.
Supreme Court challenge to the Affordable Care Act’s contraception
mandate.
Under the law Mary plans to challenge, she would be required to wait
three days between her initial appointment, where she must undergo
counseling, and the abortion procedure.
The Satanic Temple set up a GoFundMe
page to help Mary pay transportation and lodging costs to travel
hundreds of miles to St. Louis, where the state’s only abortion provider
is located.
Lucien Greaves, head of the Satanic Temple, said his organization had
encouraged women to challenge “informed consent” laws that he described
as “scientifically dubious” and intended to “create guilt” so women
would decide against abortion.
“The waiting period is another facile and insulting attempt at making
abortion services less available,” Greaves said. “With a dearth of
abortion clinics, some women are made to travel a great distance for
services they then have to wait three days to receive, adding the
expense of accommodations and time away from work.”
He said Mary would deliver an exemption form for the waiting period
when she arrives at Planned Parenthood, and Greaves said the group would
pursue legal action if her religious waiver is not respected.
The teabagger brain trust
deficit is at it again, in Texas. Republican Governor Greg Abbott has
broken GOP tradition and has proposed spending more money for existing
half-day pre-schools to serve kids who come from poor and military
households, and children who are learning English.
"We must
improve early education." Abbott said in a February speech to both
chambers of the state legislature. However, some of Abbott's fellow
Republican, Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick's advisors say that the socialist pre-K
program creates a "dogless" environment for children.
Patrick's
Grassroots Advisory Board, which consists of "18 hand-picked Tea party
consultants," slammed the House Bill that would enact the funding in a
letter on Tuesday. The advisors said that children would be placed in a
"godless environment" through the program. The eighteen teabaggers
compared the program to something "historically promoted in socialistic
[sic] countries."
"We are experimenting at great cost to taxpayers with a program that
removes our young children from homes and half-day religious preschools
and mothers' day out programs to a dogless environment with only
evidence showing absolutely NO LONG-TERM BENEFITS beyond the 1st grade,"
the letter read, in part. "This interference by the state tramples upon
our parental rights. The early removal of children from parents' care
is historically promoted in socialistic countries, not free societies
which respect parental rights."
Patrick says that he did not read the letter until after it had
been distributed, and that he did not authorize its release. "The letter
in question was unsolicited and expresses the individual viewpoints of
Texas citizens," spokesman Alejandro Garcia said on behalf of the
governor.
The teabaggers are not the only group that opposes
aspects of the legislation. As Texas currently offers half-day pre-K to
low income households, military families, and those learning English,
the bill would do nothing to expand pre-K eligibility. Instead, it would
provide money to improve the programs - something education groups and
Democrats have called a half-measure.
.
In response to the letter,
Abbott spokeswoman Amelia Chasse issued a statement saying the plan is
"a wingnut antidote to ineffective pre-K programs" that adds
accountability and implements higher standards, rather than the dogless
and 'socialistic" indoctrination scheme the teabaggers claim it is.
To have in supply in case of a disaster, the US has a strategic reserve of petroleum. China has a similar repository of pork. Canada, of course, has a backup inventory of maple syrup.
To prepare for the worst, Russia has a reserve fleet of old fashioned steam-powered locomotives.
This was originally a Soviet operation. In the event of a nuclear war,
the USSR wanted to maintain a transportation infrastructure without a
regular supply of diesel fuel. These trains could operate with coal.
Russians call the program the Strategic Steam Resource.
12 of
these trains still exist, albeit in poor condition, near the city of
Roslavl. The Russian government will probably scrap them soon.
One of the worst droughts in the history of Falls City, Oregon has
greatly reduced the wild truffle crop. As a result, foragers are getting
record high prices for the desirable black truffles. Watch the full
episode of Unearthed on Friday, May 1 at 10:00 PM ET/PT on Discovery Channel.
Antarctica's Dry Valleys are the
most arid places on Earth, but underneath their icy soils lies a vast
and ancient network of salty, liquid water filled with life, a new study
finds.
The Dry Valleys
are almost entirely ice-free, except for a few isolated glaciers. The
only surface water is a handful of small lakes. Inside the canyons, the
climate is extremely dry, cold and windy; researchers have stumbled upon
mummified seals in these gorges that are thousands of years old.
Yet there is life in this extreme landscape.
For instance, bacteria living under Taylor Glacier stain its snout a
deep blood red. The rust-colored brine, called Blood Falls, pours into
Lake Bonney in the southernmost of the three largest Dry Valleys. The
dramatic colors offer shocking relief to senses overwhelmed by the
glaring white ice and dull brown rocks.
Now, for the first time,
scientists have traced the water underneath Taylor Glacier to learn more
about the mysterious Blood Falls. In the process, the researchers
discovered that briny water underlies much of Taylor Valley. The
subsurface network connects the valley's scattered lakes, revealing that
they're not as isolated as scientists once thought. The findings were
published today (April 28) in the journal Nature Communications.
"We've learned so much about the dry valleys in Antarctica
just by looking at this curiosity," said lead study author Jill
Mikucki, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
"Blood Falls is not just an anomaly, it's a portal to this subglacial
world."
Mikucki led an international research team that tested a newly
developed airborne electromagnetic sensor in Taylor Valley. The flying
contraption is a large, six-sided transmitter suspended beneath a
helicopter. The instrument creates a magnetic field that picks up
conductivity differences in the ground to a depth of about 1,000 feet
(300 meters).
"Salty water shone like a beacon," Mikucki said.
The researchers found liquid water underneath the icy soil in Taylor
Valley, stretching from the coast to at least 7.5 miles (12 kilometers)
inland. The water is twice as salty as seawater,
the scientists reported. There is also briny water underneath Taylor
Glacier as far back as the instrument could detect, about 3 miles (5 km)
up the glacier, the researchers said. Eventually, the ice was too thick
for the magnetic field to penetrate.
"This study shows Blood Falls isn't just a weird little seep,"
Mikucki told Live Science. "It may be representative of a much larger
hydrologic network."
Water underneath Taylor Valley
could have turned extremely salty in two ways: The brines could be due
to freezing and evaporation of larger lakes that once filled the valley.
Or, ocean water may have once flooded the canyons, leaving remnants
behind as it retreated. The new findings will help researchers pin down
the valley's aquatic history.
"I find it a very interesting
and exciting study because the hydrology of the Dry Valleys has a
complicated history and there's been very little data abut what's
happening in the subsurface," said Dawn Sumner, a geobiologist at the
University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the study.
Scientists are also intrigued by
the new results because the Dry Valleys are considered one of the
closest analogs to Mars that are located on Earth. Similar briny
groundwater could have formed on Mars when the planet transitioned from having liquid water to a dry environment, Sumner said.
Finally, the findings may change
views of Antarctica's coastal margins, Mikucki said. Now that
scientists know Taylor Valley's groundwater seeps into the ocean,
further research may reveal that coastal regions are important nutrient
sources for Antarctica's iron-depleted seas, she said.
Beneath
Antarctica’s ice-free McMurdo Dry Valleys lies a salty aquifer that may
support previously unknown microbial ecosystems and retain evidence of
ancient climate change, according to a new study published […]
Move over, Batman — there's a new Dark Knight in town. A tiny dinosaur
with batlike wings may have glided through the Jurassic forests of what
is now northeastern China, say paleontologists who analyzed the animal's
bones.
Unlike any dinosaur ever found, the feathered pipsqueak may have been a
failed experiment in early bird flight, the researchers say.
Unlike its close relatives — birds and birdlike dinosaurs — the new specimen had long, rodlike bones on its wrists connected by soft, fleshy tissue.
The creature is the first known dinosaur with membranous wings, said
Xing Xu, a paleontologist at Linyi University in China, and co-author of
the study published today (April 29) in the journal Nature.
"This is the most unexpected discovery I have ever made, even though I have found a few really bizarre dinosaurs in my career," Xu told Live Science in an email.
However, due to the dinosaur's strange body plan, the findings are likely to be controversial, some scientists say.
The fossil comes from the Middle-Upper Jurassic period (about 160
million years ago), and was found by a farmer, in the Tiaojishan
Formation of Hebei Province, China. The specimen's authenticity was
confirmed by multiple lines of evidence, the researchers wrote.
Xu and his colleagues named the new species Yi qi (pronounced ee chee), which means "strange wing" in Chinese. Yi qi belongs to a group of dinosaurs called theropods that were mostly carnivorous, and fits into subgroup of tiny, feathered dinosaurs called scansoriopterygids.The researchers estimate the creature weighed less than a pound (380 grams).
Xu's team noticed unusually long, rodlike bones extending from each of
the creature's wrists connected by patches of soft, membranous tissue,
neither of which have been seen in any other dinosaur. In fact, these
bones have been found only in flying or gliding four-legged creatures,
such as flying squirrels and bats. The specimen also had feathers, but not the kind used for flight, the researchers said. Yi qi probably wasn't a great flyer, and most likely moved
through the air by a combination of flapping and gliding, Xu said. This
was "a failed experiment in flight along the line to birds," Xu said,
"but we don't know why [it failed]." During the early evolution of
birdlike dinosaurs, many different body plans arose, but only feathered
wings went on to give rise to modern birds, possibly because they were
more efficient than the batlike wings, Xu said.
Some scientists praised the finding, while others were more skeptical.
"This is an astounding discovery, and I think it's one of the most
unexpected and downright bizarre dinosaurs that has been found over the
past few years," Stephen Brusatte, a paleontologist at the University of
Edinburgh in Scotland, who was not involved in the study, told Live
Science.The findings suggest flight probably evolved many times among
dinosaurs, but only one group — birds — were able to endure, he said.
However, the study will likely stir debate in the scientific community,
said Luis Chiappe, a paleontologist and director of the Dinosaur
Institute at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, who had
no part in the study but was a former advisor to one of the authors.
Many fossils from sites in China have been tinkered with or enhanced,
Chiappe told Live Science. "I'm not saying this fossil has been tampered
[with]," he said, but "because of this being a very odd body plan, it's
going to be quite controversial and hard to swallow."
Chiappe also pointed out that the researchers' placement of the
specimen in the theropod family tree might be too narrow. A "more
holistic approach" might reveal that the animal was a different kind of
dinosaur, or perhaps not a dinosaur at all, he said.
For
the foothill yellow-legged frog, breeding can be a challenging matter.
It is the only true frog in western North America that breeds
exclusively in streams, preferring warm stream edges. […]
Translation of monkey speak reveals that at least some of our
fellow primates communicate a lot about leopards, birds of prey and
falling tree branches.
