The man, Mario (patient last name withheld), is a 54-year-old volunteer who worked with the Rotterdam Zoo in the Netherlands for years. He has been diagnosed with a terminal brain tumor and had one wish: To say goodbye to the animals he had cared for.The animals, especially this giraffe, were glad to see Mario, too. You can see more photographs and read more stories from the Ambulance Wish Foundation at their Facebook page.
Welcome to ...
The place where the world comes together in honesty and mirth.
Windmills Tilted, Scared Cows Butchered, Lies Skewered on the Lance of Reality ... or something to that effect.
Windmills Tilted, Scared Cows Butchered, Lies Skewered on the Lance of Reality ... or something to that effect.
Wednesday, March 26, 2014
A Last Goodbye
This 4-Year-Old's Best Friend Is A Bulldog



The two are inseparable-playing dress up together, having tea parties and even hanging out on the bed reading a book, hanging out like sisters and friends rather than pet and owner.
Their amazing, and ridiculously adorable, relationship is documented by their mother, photographer Rebecca Leimbach, who has been sharing photos of the cutest siblings ever via her Facebook page.
Rebecca says it all started as an accident:
Harper came out of her playroom one day and said 'Ta-da!' I turned around and Lola was wearing a tutu, necklaces and a crown, and she didn't seem to mind. I died laughing and grabbed my camera to take a picture... the rest is history.
Dogs Are More Likely to Yawn after Hearing the Yawn of a Familiar Human Than of an Unfamiliar Human
Indeed, humans with developmental and personality disorders that feature social deficits also show less susceptibility to the yawn contagion. In addition, contagious yawning is elicited more strongly by familiar individuals than by strangers. That’s true not just for humans, but for chimpanzees, bonobos, and gelada baboons. While contagious yawning hasn’t been studied in rats, mice, elephants, and birds, there is a link in those animals between familiarity and empathy-related behaviors as well.
Two
other researchers, M.W. Campbell and F.B.M. de Waal, recently published
their research on contagious yawning among chimpanzees and gelada
baboons. They found that increased familiarity led to increased
contagious yawning. And if you can increase empathy, you could work toward building a healthier society:
A principle in psychology called the “mere exposure effect” holds that exposure itself is enough to facilitate increased liking for a previously unfamiliar individual. Could that also facilitate empathy? It’s an important question to ask, because despite the fact that human culture is immeasurably more complex than chimpanzee society, the stakes are high. If nothing else, this research points out that “flexible social engagement was probably already present in the most recent common ancestor with chimpanzees,” Campbell and de Waal say.
They conclude on a hopeful note. “This flexibility opens a door to examining how we can modify who chimpanzees will form an empathy-based connection with and how strongly. Understanding this flexibility in social engagement may help explain the proximate mechanisms that allow for switching between cooperation and competition within chimpanzee and human societies.”
Jeffrey the camel loves drinking beer
Jeffrey the camel is originally from Russia and is thought to be the
UK's only pet camel, he was brought over to the UK from Holland seven
years ago.
His owner Simon Grant from Easingwold, North Yorkshire, explained how he came up with the idea of feeding the camel beer.
"I was talking to a camel expert and he said they just love beer, so I thought well why not try it. He loves it, he can't get enough of it he drinks more than me!"
Jeffrey is an 11-foot Bactrian camel who species originates from the steppes of Central Asia, he can survive temperatures of around -25 degrees Celsius and live for up to 60 years.
His owner Simon Grant from Easingwold, North Yorkshire, explained how he came up with the idea of feeding the camel beer.
Jeffrey is an 11-foot Bactrian camel who species originates from the steppes of Central Asia, he can survive temperatures of around -25 degrees Celsius and live for up to 60 years.
Tuesday, March 25, 2014
The Daily Drift
Carolina Naturally is read in 195 countries around the world daily.
Don't forget to visit our sister blog: It Is What It Is
Some of our reader today have been in:
The Americas
Kitchener,
Moosonee, Ottawa, Montreal, Guelph, Woodstock, Vaughan, Pikangikum,
Vancouver, Quebec, Winnipeg and, Scarborough, Canada
Alta Floresta, Rio De Janeiro and Cuiaba, Brazil
Managua, Tipitapa and San Carlos Nicaragua
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Bogota, Colombia
Laguna Salada, Dominican Republic
Lima, Peru
San Salvador, El Salvador
Pittsburgh, Pasadena, Phoenix, Portsmouth and Philadelphia, United States
Europe
Berlin, Altstadt, Widdern, Sulzbach and Bremen, Germany
London, Luton, Leeds and Gosport, England
Costa De Caparica, Portugal
Dublin, Limerick, Ireland
Oslo, Norway
Lille, Belgium
Milan, Trevisto, Borgo Priolo and Ivrea, Italy
Warsaw, Bialystok, Poland
Stockholm, Kista, Sweden
Madrid, Burriana and Palma, Spain
Ostrava, Jablonec Nad Nesou and Prague, Czech Republic
Copenhagen, Denmark
Ryazan, Moscow and Vladivostok, Russia
Riga, Latvia
Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Zhovti Vody, Ukraine
Bucharest, Romania
Bratislava, Slovakia
Lausanne, Switzerland
Rouen, France
Asia
Kuala Lumpur, Kota Kinabalu and Bayan Lepas, Malaysia
Bangalore, Thiruvananthpuram, Kolkata, Bhubaneshwar, Pune, Patna, Shillong and Delhi, India
Hanoi, Vietnam
Quatre Bornes, Mauritius
Islamabad, Pakistan
Pontianak and Tangerang, Indonesia
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Petah Tikva, Israel
Colombo, Sri Lanka
Bangkok, Thailand
Doha, Qatar
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Shijiazhuang, China
Male, Maldives
Africa
Ifo and Lagos, Nigeria
Rabat, Morocco
Tunis, Tunisia
Nairobi, Kenya
Johannesburg, South Africa
The Pacific
Surrey Hills, Australia
Makati, Philippines
Honiara, Solomon Islands
Today in History
| 708 | Constantine begins his reign as Catholic Pope. | |
| 1634 | Lord Baltimore founds the Catholic colony of Maryland. | |
| 1655 | Puritans jail Governor Stone after a military victory over Catholic forces in the colony of Maryland. | |
| 1668 | The first horse race in America takes place. | |
| 1776 | The Continental Congress authorizes a medal for General George Washington. | |
| 1807 | British Parliament abolishes the slave trade. | |
| 1813 | The frigate USS Essex flies the first U.S. flag in battle in the Pacific. | |
| 1865 | Confederate forces capture Fort Stedman, during the siege of Petersburg, Va. | |
| 1879 | Japan invades the kingdom of Liuqiu (Ryukyu) Islands, formerly a vassal of China. | |
| 1905 | Rebel battle flags that were captured during the American Civil War are returned to the South. | |
| 1911 | A fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company, a sweatshop in New York City, claims the lives of 146 workers. | |
| 1915 | The first submarine disaster occurs when a U.S. F-4 sinks off the Hawaiian coast. | |
| 1919 | The Paris Peace Commission adopts a plan to protect nations from the influx of foreign labor. | |
| 1931 | Fifty people are killed in riots that break out in India. Mahatma Gandhi was one of many people assaulted. | |
| 1940 | The United States agrees to give Britain and France access to all American warplanes. | |
| 1941 | Yugoslavia joins the Axis powers. | |
| 1953 | The USS Missouri fires on targets at Kojo, North Korea, the last time her guns fire until the Persian Gulf War of 1992. | |
| 1954 | RCA manufactures its first color TV set and begins mass production. | |
| 1957 | The European Common Market Treaty is signed in Rome. The goal is to create a common market for all products–especially coal and steel. | |
| 1965 | Martin Luther King Jr. leads a group of 25,000 to the state capital in Montgomery, Ala. | |
| 1969 | John Lennon and Yoko Ono stage a bed-in for peace in Amsterdam. | |
| 1970 | The Concorde makes its first supersonic flight. | |
| 1975 | Hue is lost and Da Nang is endangered by North Vietnamese forces. The United States orders a refugee airlift to remove those in danger. | |
| 1981 | The U.S. Embassy in San Salvador is damaged when gunmen attack, firing rocket propelled grenades and machine guns. | |
| 1986 | President Ronald Reagan orders emergency aid for the Honduran army. U.S. helicopters take Honduran troops to the Nicaraguan border. |
The 5 Most Mysterious Places on Earth
North Carolina's Own Makes the List At #5
The Brown Mountain Lights
One in a long series of ghost lights that have appeared in the USA and the world, the Brown Mountain Will-o’-the-wisp lights appear and disappear randomly. Like large strobes in the sky, they seem to pop up and disappear whenever convenient. Until we figure out exactly when they come around, I’ll venture to say Harry Potter or some other wizard is playing tricks with our less magical human minds.In the Original Story, Pinocchio Murdered Jiminy Cricket, Got His Feet Burned Off, And Was Then Hanged and Left for Dead
We
may have gotten used to the Disney versions of classic fairy tales when
we were children. It's a good thing because the original sources for
those movies were horrifying. An authentic Pinocchio movie would go from
a G rating straight to an R. Carlo Collodi, the author of The Adventures of Pinocchio, composed his work in 1881 and 1882. It features Pinocchio beating Jiminy Cricket to death with a hammer:
At these last words, Pinocchio jumped up in a fury, took a hammer from the bench, and threw it with all his strength at the Talking Cricket.
Perhaps he did not think he would strike it. But, sad to relate, my dear children, he did hit the Cricket, straight on its head.
With a last weak “cri-cri-cri” the poor Cricket fell from the wall, dead!
Pinocchio suffered a lot, too. Did the Disney movie show him getting his feet burned off? Collodi's original did:
As he no longer had any strength left with which to stand, he sat down on a little stool and put his two feet on the stove to dry them. There he fell asleep, and while he slept, his wooden feet began to burn. Slowly, very slowly, they blackened and turned to ashes.
Did you know ...
About the rise of antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea
That tea party repugicans register as fake Democrats in local Montana races
That even if the repugican cabal wins the senate in 2014, can they keep it in 2016?
And have you been robbed on the job?
Lush Dimbulb Tells His Ugliest Lie Ever With Speculation That Obama Waterboards Reporters
Lush Dimbulb told his most deplorable lie yet when he speculated that President Obama threatened the family of, and waterboarded a local reporter who inaccurately reported that White House reporters give their questions to Jay Carney before press conferences.
Dimbulb picked up on local TV reporter in Catherina Anaya’s claim that White House reporters give their press conference questions to Press Secretary Jay Carney in advance, “One of the things I found interesting is reporters and correspondents, unless it is breaking news, they provide questions to him in advance so he is already preparing for the answer.”
Catherina Anaya
Her claim sparked a quick rebuke from Carney, liberal and wingnut White House journalists. Anaya has apologized for
her bad reporting.
***
Not knowing the woman we cannot say as to her qualifications for her job, but her 'reporting' in this case does seem to be woefully lacking. Although knowing our current societal 'norms' we can say the possibility exists that her 'qualifications' have nothing to do with actually being a competent journalist. Which may be the worst thing about this entire peccadillo - Lush Dimbulb not withstanding.
Debt collectors illegally hound people who don't owe money
A third of people who complain about debt-collectors who break the law say they don't even owe the money under discussion.
Of the victims who complained to the Consumer Financial Protection
Bureau about being hounded for money they don't owe, two thirds say they
never owed it, and a third say they had already paid it off.
Debt-collectors call wrong numbers or hassle people with names similar
to those of debtors. They call them at work and at home, and use threats
and obscene language when they're told they've got the wrong person.
One offender, CashCall Inc, is being sued over its practices, and was
separately ordered to refund $14M in debts it collected through
fraudulent robo-signing.
Police say potholes make drunk-drivers harder to spot
Potholes caused by floods have made
swerving drunk-drivers "difficult to spot", say Surrey Police.
Insp Richard Mallett, head of the force's roads policing unit, said sober
drivers were forced to weave around potholes, masking the erratic behavior
typical of drunk-drivers.
He added that the current conditions of the roads were a "concern". Surrey County Council said it has had to cope with about 21,000 potholes caused by flooding.
Insp Mallett, said: "Anecdotally, it makes it more difficult for us to spot the drunk drivers as
everyone is weaving about around the potholes."
He added that the current conditions of the roads were a "concern". Surrey County Council said it has had to cope with about 21,000 potholes caused by flooding.

Police search for jewellery thief who 'walks like a penguin'
Police in Oakwood, Georgia need help finding a thief who stole tens of
thousands of dollars’ worth of jewelry from a local business.
Surveillance video from Aardvark Antiques in Oakwood in Hall County
shows the suspect with a unique walk.
“Similar to a penguin," is how store owner Charles Pharr described it.
Police and the store's owner said the man cased the business on Saturday then returned on Sunday.
"He asked the ladies working to measure a piece of art, but he was looking at the jewellery near the counter," Pharr said.
After walking around the store for an hour pretending to be a customer, Pharr said the man somehow made off with tens of thousands of dollars’ worth of jewellery and small collectibles. "These were full with nice rings, bracelets, vintage pieces," Pharr said. Besides the man's unique walk, police said they have little to go on.
Investigators said the man kept his face hidden from security cameras and his hands in his pockets the whole time, which means no fingerprints. The store's owner still hopes police will be able to track him down. “I hope we can catch this guy and prevent it from happening to someone else," Pharr said.
You can see surveillance footage of the man, who doesn't walk like any penguin I've seen, here.
After walking around the store for an hour pretending to be a customer, Pharr said the man somehow made off with tens of thousands of dollars’ worth of jewellery and small collectibles. "These were full with nice rings, bracelets, vintage pieces," Pharr said. Besides the man's unique walk, police said they have little to go on.
Investigators said the man kept his face hidden from security cameras and his hands in his pockets the whole time, which means no fingerprints. The store's owner still hopes police will be able to track him down. “I hope we can catch this guy and prevent it from happening to someone else," Pharr said.
You can see surveillance footage of the man, who doesn't walk like any penguin I've seen, here.
The Girls of Atomic City ...
The Untold Story of the Women Who Helped Win World War II
Boing Boing has a lot more photos from the book here.At the height of World War II, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, was home to 75,000 residents, consuming more electricity than New York City. But to most of the world, the town did not exist. Thousands of civilians — many of them young women from small towns across the South — were recruited to this secret city, enticed by solid wages and the promise of war-ending work. Kept very much in the dark, few would ever guess the true nature of the tasks they performed each day in the hulking factories in the middle of the Appalachian Mountains. That is, until the end of the war—when Oak Ridge’s secret was revealed.
Drawing on the voices of the women who lived it—women who are now in their eighties and nineties — The Girls of Atomic City rescues a remarkable, forgotten chapter of American history from obscurity. Denise Kiernan captures the spirit of the times through these women: their pluck, their desire to contribute, and their enduring courage. Combining the grand-scale human drama of The Worst Hard Time with the intimate biography and often troubling science of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, The Girls of Atomic City is a lasting and important addition to our country’s history.
An SS Soldier and the Massacre in Oradour-sur-Glane
by Beate Lakotta
Werner Christukat, 89, has been indicted for participating in the
1944 massacre perpetrated by the SS in Oradour-sur-Glane. He says he
wasn't directly involved. Seventy years after the fact, there are more
questions than answers, and proof is elusive. More
Island in the Pacific is home to countless WWII relics
The small island of Mili in the southeast corner of the Marshall
Islands is now populated by only 300 people, and was once under Japanese
Imperial Army control during World War II. Time has passed but the
artifacts of war remain and make the island a virtual military museum
with remains of the past still to be discovered.
The AP reported
on the current state of Mili and found numerous military remnants from
that era. The locals have made use of some of the artifacts in their
everyday lives. Anet Maun, pounds dried panadanus leaves with an old
projectile. Maun uses the leaves for weaving and said, “This works
really well and gets the work done much faster. The leaves flatten very
nicely.” Rachel Boyce, a volunteer teacher from Utah, said, "One thing I
learned here is that you use everything that comes. So if it's an old
WWII machine, you can hang things on it," referring to the residents
using them to dry laundry.
Location of Mili in the Marshall Islands
After WWI, Japanese forces used Mili as a radio and weather station.
Then during WWII, it was converted into an active base with an airfield,
runways, and hangars, to fight the United States. In 1945, after nearly
two years of bombing attacks, Japan surrendered and the United States
took over the Marshall Islands. "From our documentation, there is at
least 15,000 tons of explosives that were dropped on the Marshalls and
that's a conservative estimate,” archaeologist Michael Terlep told the
AP. Terlep said that U.S. explosives had a 50% failure rate at that
time, so there are potentially many explosives remaining on the islands.
Michael Terlep
The safety of the remaining weapons is still a concern. It’s estimated
that in 1969, Peace Corp volunteers assisted the locals in destroying
2,500 items housing explosives to render them safe. Wilbur Heine,
Internal Affairs Minister and Mili Senator, explained that some of the
war items have been gathered however, “there are still various places
with things like this." Boyce recalled that her initial concern was, "Oh
my gosh, my students. What if they get blown up?" But she soon realized
that they had grown up learning what safety measures were necessary and
they were “too smart” to get in harms way.
Rachel Boyce
While no major accidents have been reported on Mili, there is still
concern about chemicals from the remaining weapons. Terlep says that
picric acid, an explosive chemical that was used in the Japanese
weapons, and the TNT used in U.S. bombs, pose serious health risks.
Heine believes there is “no evidence of contamination,” because, “People
have been eating, they are enjoying their food.” But he would like to
have further soil studies done to confirm that belief. Terlep said,
"Another problem is these bombs that are actually in the water, it's
then getting into the food supply, it's getting into the fish, people
are eating the fish."
Wilbur Heine
In the future Heine would like to see some islanders trained in proper
weapon disposal techniques for times when international assistance is
unavailable. Overall, he would like to allow his residents and visitors
to enjoy Mili’s natural beauty and learn about its WWII history in a
safe environment.
Location of Mili in the Marshall Islands
Michael Terlep
Rachel Boyce
Wilbur Heine
Caribbean States Call for Slavery Reparations
by Samiha Shafy
The leaders of 15 Caribbean countries are calling for reparations
from European countries relating to the slave trade that took place 200
years ago. A lawyer representing them says the legacy of slavery still
plagues the region today. More
This Banana Umbrella Keeps You Dry and Well-Nourished
How much potassium does your regular umbrella have? I’ll bet that you’ve never even considered that question. This cute umbrella
from Firebox comes in both ripe (yellow) and unripe (green) versions,
but not brown. Maybe if you leave it out for a few days, it will turn
brown on its own.
6 Widely Repeated Phrase Origins - Debunked!
Is the Internet Changing Our Memory?
Many of us spend hours a day on the Internet, and whenever we
have a question, it's easy to go to Google for instant answers. Is this
changing the way our memory works? Anthony explains how living in a
world of constant information is affecting us.
Organ Theft Rumors Surface in Mexico Arrests
A ruthless Mexican drug cartel is accused of kidnapping
children to harvest their organs. For real?
Mystery Illness Kills 23 in Guinea
The highly contagious disease shows symptoms that are similar to those caused by Lassa fever, yellow fever and Ebola.
The darkest night of the past 500 years
NYU science journalism professor John Rennie explains what you're likely to saw in the wee hours of the morning:
1. Faint penumbral dimming of the moon's disk.
2. Pervasive creeping sensations of unease.
3. Howling of wolves.
4. Unclean things walk the earth; Dick Cheney rises from the grave.
5. Contortion of the zodiac.
6. Intrusion of strange dimensions.
7. Universal gibbering madness.
8. Cthulhu.
9. A glimmer of sanity in the chaos.
10. Restoration of Euclidean geometry.
11. Fungal Mi-go from Yuggoth return captive brains to their rightful owners.
12. Applause, followed by waffles for breakfast.
Erm, actually that might not be the most accurate account. Damn journalists, always misrepresenting scientific results! Over at Sky and Telescope, you can get the real story on what the five possible stages of the eclipse are.
According to Wired Science:
The Earth's shadow will begin to blot out the moon at 1:32 a.m. EST (10:32 p.m. PST). During totality, when the Earth is directly between the moon and the sun, the moon will turn a rusty orange-red for 72 minutes from 2:41 a.m. to 3:53 a.m. EST (11:41 p.m. to 12:53 a.m. PST).
Europe and
Africa will only get a partial view of the eclipse, but for those of us
here in the Americas the best times to watch are during those 72 minutes
of totality.
Here's a handy map showing the path of the eclipse:
The New Spring, Brought To You By Climate Change
As the planet warms, the temperatures that trigger spring arrive
earlier. But not everythings adjusting on the same schedule. Flowers
open before their insect pollinators come out, and birds return from
migration too late to find their usual bug meals.'Detailed study of ecological mismatch requires equally meticulous observations of historical timing - and a Boston University lab has found a trove in the journals Henry David Thoreau kept in Massachusetts in the mid-1800s. The diaries, together with more recent data, reveal an ecological system in flux.
Pruning Wind

Corals track strongest Indian Ocean current over 334 years
Natural variations in the warming and cooling cycles of the globally
important Agulhas ocean current core region have been revealed in a new
study of a Madagascar corals led by The University of Western Australia
and published in Nature's Scientific Reports.
Professor Zinke said the Agulhas Current (which flows down the east coast of Africa) was the strongest western boundary current in the southern hemisphere.
"It releases a lot of heat into the atmosphere throughout the year and through that, it influences climate and agriculture in the countries of southern Africa," Professor Zinke said. "It is also a lifeline for a variety of marine life from plankton to fish and larger megafauna such as manta rays and whale sharks which travel between Antarctica and the Indian Ocean."
But the Agulhas Current's influence extended well beyond the local scale - it was also the gateway for warm and salty Indian Ocean water on its way to the far northern Gulf Stream of the US, he said.
"Our study used living corals to help us understand the long-term changes that have occurred in warming and cooling of the Agulhas Current during the past 334 years.
"There isn't an instrument that can measure these changes over such a long time so we used living massive corals that form large colonies which live for more than 300 years. We were able to record year-by-year the conditions of the ocean surrounding the corals."
Professor Zinke said the researchers used chemical changes in the coral skeleton, which altered with ocean temperature, to trace past ocean climate change.
"We found that the Agulhas Current warming and cooling cycles follow slow, multi-decadal swings in the climate system and recent man-made warming only exceeded natural variability after the 1990s," he said.
"Our study also revealed a strong connection to the ocean temperatures off Western Australia, where long-term warming follows a fairly similar pattern."
Coral in the Indian Ocean. Diameter of the coral is approximately five
meters
Assistant Professor Jens Zinke, who holds a collaborative fellowship
with UWA's Indian Ocean Marine Research Center, the Australian Institute
of Marine Science (AIMS) and CSIRO, said the research findings were
important for climate science in general, as well as small and
large-scale fisheries in the Indian Ocean and marine conservation and
climate adaptation planning agencies.
Professor Zinke said the Agulhas Current (which flows down the east coast of Africa) was the strongest western boundary current in the southern hemisphere.
"It releases a lot of heat into the atmosphere throughout the year and through that, it influences climate and agriculture in the countries of southern Africa," Professor Zinke said. "It is also a lifeline for a variety of marine life from plankton to fish and larger megafauna such as manta rays and whale sharks which travel between Antarctica and the Indian Ocean."
But the Agulhas Current's influence extended well beyond the local scale - it was also the gateway for warm and salty Indian Ocean water on its way to the far northern Gulf Stream of the US, he said.
Map indicating the study area at the southern tip of Madagascar (left
dot). The right dot
indicates the Seychelles, where J. Zinke and C. Dullo also conducted
coral-based
temperature studies
"It takes 10-30 years to cross the Atlantic Ocean and when it arrives it
changes the saltiness and density of water in the North Atlantic,"
Professor Zinke said. "This is really important, because in the north
the dense and heavy water will cool and sink and start the cycle of the
great conveyor belt that connects all our oceans.
"Our study used living corals to help us understand the long-term changes that have occurred in warming and cooling of the Agulhas Current during the past 334 years.
"There isn't an instrument that can measure these changes over such a long time so we used living massive corals that form large colonies which live for more than 300 years. We were able to record year-by-year the conditions of the ocean surrounding the corals."
Professor Zinke said the researchers used chemical changes in the coral skeleton, which altered with ocean temperature, to trace past ocean climate change.
Map with modeled stream velocities indicating the Agulhas Current
"We teamed up with physical oceanographers from the University of Cape
Town, GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel and the University
of Edinburgh, to unravel how the ocean currents between Madagascar and
South Arica are connected," he said.
"We found that the Agulhas Current warming and cooling cycles follow slow, multi-decadal swings in the climate system and recent man-made warming only exceeded natural variability after the 1990s," he said.
"Our study also revealed a strong connection to the ocean temperatures off Western Australia, where long-term warming follows a fairly similar pattern."
Fossils of earliest stick insect to mimic plants discovered
An ancient stick insect species may have mimicked plant leaves for
defense, according to a paper published in the open-access journal PLOS
ONE on March 19, 2014 by Maomin Wang, from Capital Normal University,
China and colleagues.
The insects' wings have parallel dark lines and when in the resting position, likely produced a tongue-like shape concealing the abdomen. Fossils from a relative of the ginkgo plant have been documented in the area with similar tongue-shaped leaves along with multiple longitudinal lines. The authors suggest the insect used this plant as a model for concealment.
The new fossils indicate that leaf mimicry was a defensive strategy performed by some insects as early as in the Early Cretaceous, but that additional refinements characteristic of recent forms, such as a curved part of the fore legs for hiding the head, were still lacking.
The new fossil suggests that leaf mimicry predated the appearance of twig and bark mimicry in these types of insects. The diversification of small-sized, insect-eating birds and mammals may have triggered the acquisition of such primary defenses.
At left: Cretophasmomima melanogramma at right: Membranifolia
admirabilis
Many insects have developed defense mechanisms, including the ability to
mimic the surrounding environment. Stick and leaf insects mimic plants
from their environment, but scientists know little about the original of
this interaction due to little or no previous stick insect fossil
records showing this adaptation. The scientists discovered three
specimens, one female and two males, belonging to a new fossil stick
insect referred to as Cretophasmomima melanogramma, in Inner Mongolia at
the Jehol locality, a site from the Cretaceous period (approximately
126 million years ago). The species possessed adaptive features that
make it resembling a plant recovered from the same locality.
The insects' wings have parallel dark lines and when in the resting position, likely produced a tongue-like shape concealing the abdomen. Fossils from a relative of the ginkgo plant have been documented in the area with similar tongue-shaped leaves along with multiple longitudinal lines. The authors suggest the insect used this plant as a model for concealment.
The new fossils indicate that leaf mimicry was a defensive strategy performed by some insects as early as in the Early Cretaceous, but that additional refinements characteristic of recent forms, such as a curved part of the fore legs for hiding the head, were still lacking.
The new fossil suggests that leaf mimicry predated the appearance of twig and bark mimicry in these types of insects. The diversification of small-sized, insect-eating birds and mammals may have triggered the acquisition of such primary defenses.
Monday, March 24, 2014
The Daily Drift
Carolina Naturally is read in 195 countries around the world daily.
Don't forget to visit our sister blog: It Is What It Is
Some of our reader today have been in:
The Americas
Sao Paulo, Brazil
Hollywood, Baltimore, Indianapolis and Phoenix, United States
Pikangikum, Ottawa, Montreal, Vancouver, Woodstock and Winnipeg, Canada
Bogota, Colombia
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Guaynabo, Puerto Rico
Europe
Rothe Erde, Nuremberg and Berlin, Germany
Auly, Ukraine
Dubrovnik and Zagreb, Croatia
Roubaix, France
Prague, Ostrava and Vinicne Sumice, Czech Republic
Lisbon and Porto, Portugal
London and Leeds, England
Riga and Ventslips, Latvia
Ivrea, Varese, Milan and Rome, Italy
Kongens Lyngby and Frederiksberg, Denmark
Paide and Tallinn, Estonia
Dublin, Ireland
Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Merida, L'Olleria and Bilbao, Spain
Ryazan, Russia
Bucharest, Romania
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Warsaw, Poland
Reykjavik, Iceland
Oslo, Norway
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Helsinki and Espoo, Finland
Fribourg, Switzerland
Asia
Ahmadabad, Bangalore, Patna, Pune, Bhubaneshwar, Chennai, Thiruvananthpuram, Delhi, Kolkata, Goa, New Delhi and Mumbai, India
Al Mahbulah, Kuwait
Jakarta, Indonesia
Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
Colombo, Sri Lanka
La Dagotiere and Quatre Bornes, Mauritius
Nanjing, China
Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Africa
Johannesburg, Sandton, Cape Town and Randburg, South Africa
Cairo, Egypt
The Pacific
Manila, Philippines
Hobart, Homebush and Sydney, Australia
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