Today in History

1403		Henry IV defeats the Percys in the Battle of Shrewsbury in England.
1667		The Peace of Breda ends the Second Anglo-Dutch War and cedes Dutch New Amsterdam to the English.
1711		Russia and Turkey sign the Treaty of Pruth, ending the year-long Russo-Turkish War.
1718		The Treaty of Passarowitz is signed by Austria, Venice and the Ottoman Empire.
1773		Pope Clement XIV abolishes the Jesuit order.
1798		Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Arab Mameluke warriors at the Battle of the Pyramids.
1861		In the first major battle of the Civil War, Confederate forces defeat the Union Army along Bull Run near Manassas Junction, Virginia. The battle becomes known as Manassas by the Confederates, while the Union calls it Bull Run.
1865		Wild Bill Hickok kills gunman Dave Tutt in Springfield, Missouri, in what is regarded as the first formal quick-draw duel.
1873		The James Gang robs a train in Adair, Iowa.
1896		Mary Church Terrell founds the National Association of Colored Women in Washington, D.C.
1906		French Captain Alfred Dreyfus is vindicated of his earlier court-martial for spying for Germany.
1919		The British House of Lords ratifies the Versailles Treaty.
1925		John Scopes is found guilty for teaching evolution in Dayton, Tenn., and is fined $100.
1941		France accepts Japan’s demand for military control of Indochina.
1944		U.S. Army and Marine forces land on Guam in the Marianas.
1954		The French sign an armistice with the Viet Minh that ends the war but divides Vietnam into two countries.
1960		Sirimavo Bandaranaike becomes the first woman prime minister of Ceylon.